The standard measures of inequality don't measure what they claim to measure.
Because socialists lost the economic debate with the collapse of the Soviet Union, they have used other means to advance socialism, such as the environment or critical theory. Another prong of attack is inequality. Clearly, they say, socialism can't make us richer, but it can reduce inequality. They use measures such as the Gini Coefficient, which provides a single numerical score (0 to 1) representing overall inequality, and percentile ratios like the Palma Ratio (top 10% vs. bottom 40%) and decile ratios (e.g., 90th percentile vs. 10th percentile), which focus on specific parts of the distribution. Other measures include the Theil index and the Lorenz curve, which illustrates income distribution.






